Local Ruakākā group and Greenpeace activists protest coal-fired power plant in New Zealand, 2005

Goals

The goal of this campaign was to halt Mighty River Power's plans to install a coal-fired plant in Marsden Point.

Time period

16 February 2005 to March 2007

Country

New Zealand

Location City/State/Province

Marsden Point, Ruakākā, New Zealand
Jump to case narrative

Methods in 2nd segment

Methods in 5th segment

  • Diving to an unsafe zone(?)

Additional methods (Timing Unknown)

Segment Length

4 weeks

Leaders

Greenpeace (New Zealand) activists including Raoni Hammer, Mal Wren, and Kate Lowe, Ruakākā builders: Josh Mrsich and Isaac Holmes, Ruakaka group 'Surfers Against Sulphur' , and Northland residents

Partners

Not known

External allies

Not known

Involvement of social elites

Not known

Nonviolent responses of opponent

Not known

Opponents

Mighty River Power, Northland police, Minister for the Environment of Northland, New Zealand

Campaigner violence

Not known

Repressive Violence

New Zealand police arrested protestors Raoni Hammer, Mal Wren, and Kate Lowe

Cluster

Environment

Classification

Defense

Groups in 1st Segment

Greenpeace activists

Groups in 2nd Segment

Ruakākā builders: Josh Mrsich and Isaac Holmes

Groups in 3rd Segment

Ruakaka group 'Surfers Against Sulphur'

Groups in 4th Segment

Northland residents

Segment Length

4 weeks

Success in achieving specific demands/goals

6 out of 6 points

Survival

1 out of 1 points

Growth

2 out of 3 points

Total points

9 out of 10 points

Notes on outcomes

This campaign was not initially successful within the time frame of the occupation of the plant but it gave precedent to further efforts that ultimately resulted in the success of this campaign. The growth of this campaign was not extreme in the sense that it did not gain support outside of this region but it did grow to involve over 1000 locals as well as Greenpeace activists.

Database Narrative

The Marsden Power Station B was originally built on Marsden Point, Ruakākā, Northland, New Zealand in the 1970s as an oil-fired power station, but when construction concluded in the 1980s, oil prices had risen substantially, resulting in the plant not being commissioned. In October 2004, Mighty River Power, a New Zealand-based electric company, applied to the Northland Regional Council, which manages air, land, freshwater, and coastal resources in the Northland region, for resource consent to operate Marsden B power station using coal. This provoked a series of protests and action by Greenpeace activists and residents to stop the power station from being commissioned as a coal operation.   

On 16 February 2005, Greenpeace activists hung a banner on the Marsden B power station that read “Save the Climate-Stop Coal.” Activists chose this day because the Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty administered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), was established that same day in 2005. The Kyoto Protocol was a policy that committed industrialized countries to holding their economies in transition accountable in limiting and reducing greenhouse gasses. Two days after this action, on 18 February, local Ruakākā builders, Josh Mrsich and Isaac Holmes, along with Greenpeace activists, assembled signs and hazard tape that noted the danger and harm that this plant would bring, around the perimeter of what would be the Marsden B power station. On that same day, Greenpeace activists began a nine-day occupation of the roof of the power station, which also included signs and banners. 

On 19 February, the local Ruakākā group 'Surfers Against Sulphur’ staged a protest on Bream Bay Beach, the beach below the proposed plant, which included wearing shirts with slogan 'Surfers Against Sulphur’ and participating in a paddle-out on surfboards. On that same beach, the following day, 500 Northland residents gathered to protest Marsden B through the creation and holding of posters and a human banner, which involved protestors to form the phrases  “No Coal” and “No Marsden B” with their bodies A few days later on the 23rd, Greenpeace divers swam to the toxic overflow zone of the power station in Bream Bay and held up hazard signs warning the public about impacts the power station would cause. The following day, the 24th, Raoni Hammer, Mal Wren, and Kate Lowe, Greenpeace activists, lowered themselves from the roof of the power station to local authorities awaiting on the ground. The local government allowed for public submissions against Marsden B, so activists ended their occupation to deliver their own personal submissions to the council along with the extensive Greenpeace submissions against this coal project, which totaled to 4000 opposing submissions. 

 

In July-August 2005, the Northland Regional Council began hearing submissions on the Marden B proposal. Greenpeace activists attended this event and brought environmental experts from Australia and the United States as well as brought documents that revealed that the Council sought support from the government in implementing the power station, which would counteract the submissions made by the citizens.   

 

Later that year, in October, Greenpeace activists and Northland residents filed appeals to the Environment Court in New Zealand. In July 2006, the Environmental Court did not find climate change was not a relevant factor in determining the status of Mighty River Power plans. In August 2006, Greenpeace appealed the Environmental Court’s decision on climate change to the High Court of New Zealand. In October of this year, the High Court overturned the Environmental Court's decision, claiming that climate change should be considered in regards to the effects of the plant. The Department of Conservation held hearings 30-31 January 2007 in order to hear submissions regarding the Mighty River Power plant. Greenpeace activists, Northland residents, and community groups appeared and made submissions at the hearings. Over 1,400 submissions were submitted, all opposing the plan. In March 2007, Mighty Power abandoned Marsden B plans.

Sources

Greenpeace Media. Action against Marsden Coal Power Station in New Zealand. 2005. Retrieved November 5, 2024. https://media.greenpeace.org/C.aspx?VP3=SearchResult_VPage&STID=27MZIFL5RYN.

Greenpeace New Zealand. ‘Emotional welcome to ground expected for Marsden B occupiers”. 2005. Retrieved November 5, 2005. https://wayback.archive-it.org/9650/20200430012618/http://p3-raw.greenpeace.org/new-zealand/en/press/emotional-welcome-to-ground-ex/.

Laird, L. 2005. “Battle for and against coal power begins”. The Northern Advocate. Retrieved November 5, 2024. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/northern-advocate/news/battle-for-and-against-coal-power-begins/AGMSGC6NWTZV3VZAZ5TNARWKRI/.

Marsden B power station - Global Energy Monitor. 2021. GEM.wiki. Retrieved November 5, 2024.

Marsden Point. (n.d.). andthedogcametoo. Retrieved November 5, 2024. https://www.andthedogcametoo.com/marsden-point.html.

UNFCCC. “What is the Kyoto Protocol?” (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2024. https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol.

Name of researcher, and date dd/mm/yyyy

Sarah Ocampo, 20/12/2024